Authors may request withdrawal before peer review begins by contacting the Editorial Office and providing the manuscript identification and reason for withdrawal. The request will be processed after confirmation of the manuscript status.

Requests submitted after peer review has started should include a clear justification. The Editor considers the request based on the progress of the review, reviewer involvement, editorial resources already committed, and the circumstances presented by the authors.

Withdrawal after an editorial acceptance decision is generally discouraged and will only be considered for serious and exceptional circumstances. Authors must provide a written explanation, and the final decision regarding the request rests with the Editor.

Authors should not withdraw a manuscript merely to submit substantially the same work to another journal after receiving reviewer comments or editorial feedback. Such conduct may constitute a violation of publication ethics, particularly when significant editorial and reviewer resources have already been invested.

• The request should be submitted by the corresponding author.
• The manuscript title and identification should be clearly stated.
• The reason for withdrawal should be explained in writing.
• Confirmation from all co-authors may be requested where necessary.
• The Editorial Office reviews the request according to the manuscript status.
• The authors are informed of the editorial decision.

Once a withdrawal request has been formally approved, the manuscript will no longer proceed through the journal's editorial and publication process. If the manuscript has already been publicly posted or assigned a persistent publication identifier, additional editorial action may be required to maintain an accurate publication record.