1. Integrity and Objectivity

Reviewers must provide honest, objective, and evidence-based assessments. They should not intentionally recommend rejection or acceptance for reasons unrelated to the academic quality of the manuscript.

2. Conflict of Interest

Reviewers must disclose any actual, potential, or perceived conflict of interest. This may include personal relationships, professional collaboration, institutional relationships, financial interests, competition, or other circumstances that could affect impartiality.

3. No Manipulation of Citations

Reviewers must not request authors to add citations solely to increase the reviewer's own citation count, improve the visibility of a particular journal, or promote unrelated publications.

4. No Misuse of Manuscript Information

Reviewers must not use ideas, data, methods, results, or unpublished information from the manuscript before the work has been officially published or otherwise made publicly available.

5. Report Ethical Violations

Reviewers should confidentially inform the editor if they identify suspected plagiarism, fabricated data, duplicate publication, unethical research practices, authorship problems, or other serious concerns.